Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a set of connected diseases in which the body cannot control the amount of sugar (specifically, glucose) in the blood.
Glucose in the blood gives you energy to carry out daily actions, walk briskly, run for a bus, ride your bike, take an aerobic exercise class, and carry out your day-to-day chores.
From the foods you eat, glucose in the blood is twisted by the liver (an organ on the right side of the abdomen near your stomach).
In a healthy person, the blood glucose level is regulated by more than a few hormones, including insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas, a small organ between the stomach and liver. The pancreas secretes other significant enzymes that help to digest food.
Insulin allows glucose to move from the blood into liver, muscle, and fat cells, where it is used for fuel.
People with diabetes either do not produce sufficient insulin or cannot use insulin properly (type 2 diabetes) or both (which occurs with several forms of diabetes).
In diabetes, glucose in the blood cannot shift into cells, so it stays in the blood. This not only harms the cells that need the glucose for fuel, but also harms certain organs and tissues exposed to the high glucose levels.
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